The main star? Tretinoin itself, a powerful retinoid that boosts skin renewal. Along with it, the formula usually includes a few inactive ingredients to keep it stable and effective, such as:

Water (because hydration is life)
Emollients & oils (to help with absorption)
Preservatives (to keep it fresh)
Carbomers (for that smooth, easy application)

Different brands may have slightly different formulas, but tretinoin is the powerhouse behind the magic.

Tretinoin isn’t an overnight fix; it’s a process, but it’s worth it. You’ll likely see:

Weeks 2-6: Your “skin purge” era, expect breakouts, dryness, or peeling (it’s totally normal).
Weeks 6-12: Skin starts adjusting, breakouts fade, and texture smooths out.
3-6 months: Major glow-up. Dark spots lighten, fine lines soften, and your skin looks brighter, clearer, and fresher.

Consistency is everything. Use it regularly (but start slow) and always, ALWAYS wear sunscreen.

Your skin might throw a little tantrum at first, but that’s part of the journey. The most common side effects include:

Dryness & peeling (moisturizer will be your BFF)
Redness & irritation (start with 2-3x a week, then build up)
Increased sensitivity (especially to the sun! SPF 50 is non-negotiable!)
Purging (temporary breakouts as your skin adjusts)

Stick with it, hydrate like crazy, and be patient. Your future glow is loading.